Articles
  • Characteristics of CIGS thin films grown by downward co-evaporation using downward effusion cells
  • Eundo Kima,b, Su-Young Chaa, Do-Weon Hwanga, Seong Jin Choc, Chung-Gi Kimd, Yong Jun Parke, Sang Hoon Kimf, Jae Ho Yung, Won-You Kimh, Sung-Jin Kimh, Dong Ju Leei and Jong-Pil Kimj,*
  • a AlphaPlus Laboratory for Creative Technology, ALPHAPLUS Co., Ltd., Asan 336-871, Korea b Research and Development Center, YUSUNGST Co., Ltd., Asan 336-871, Korea c Department of Energy Science, Kyungsung University, Busan 608-736, Korea d Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kyungsung University, Busan 608-736, Korea e Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea f Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia g Solar Energy Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 305-700, Korea h College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Korea i Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea j High Technology Components & Materials Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 618-230, Korea
Abstract
We present Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films grown by downward co-evaporation using a downward effusion cell. CIGS thin films were prepared using the three-stage process. A composition monitoring technique was used to precisely control the relative composition of Cu, In, Ga, and Se. In this study, the vapor pressures were measured and controlled using a vapor fluxmeter. The vapor pressures of Cu, In, Ga, and Se were ~ 3.1 × 10–5 to 4.2 × 10−5, ~ 1.3 × 10–4 to 2.0 × 10–4, ~ 2.0 × 10–5 to 3.7 × 10–5, and 3.8 × 10–4 Pa, respectively. With Cu/(In + Ga)~ 0.9 and Ga/(In + Ga)~ 0.3, the Al/ZnO/CdS/CIGS/Mo/soda lime glass (SLG) solar cell demonstrated a conversion efficiency above 12%. The ZnS/CIGS solar cells were fabricated, and their photovoltaic properties were characterized. The characteristics of the CIGS thin films were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine their photovoltaic properties. The construction of the downward co-evaporation system for CIGS thin-film solar cells was completed and performance tested.

Keywords: CIGS, Solar cells, Downward evaporator, Molecular flux.

This Article

  • 2015; 16(5): 614-618

    Published on Oct 31, 2015