Articles
  • Mechanical and microstructural properties of synthetic fiber reinforced geopolymers exposed to acidic environments and freeze-thaw cycles in seawater
  • Zahraa Mohammed Kamil Al-Mayali and Mahmoud Ziada*

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye

  • This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

References
  • 1. I. Bashir, K. Kapoor, and H. Sood, Int. J. Latest Res. Sci. Technol. 6[3] (2017) 33-36.
  •  
  • 2. A. Fernández-Jiménez, M. Monzó, M. Vicent, A. Barba, and A. Palomo, Micropor Mesopor Mat. 108 (2008) 41-49.
  •  
  • 3. D. Yan, S. Chen, Q. Zeng, S. Xu, and H. Li, Mater. Des. 95 (2016) 306-318.
  •  
  • 4. V. Živica, S. Balkovic, and M. Drabik, Constr. Build. Mater. 25[5] (2011) 2206-2213.
  •  
  • 5. Y.-C. Ding, Y.-S. Fang, and T.-W. Cheng, Mater. Struct. 49 (2016) 1883-1891.
  •  
  • 6. X. Huang, T. Huang, S. Li, F. Muhammad, G. Xu, Z. Zhao, L. Yu, Y. Yan, D. Li, and B. Jiao, Ceram. Int. 42[8] (2016) 9538-9549.
  •  
  • 7. C. Jithendra, V.N. Dalawai, and S. Elavenil, Mater. Today Proc. 51 (2022) 1580-1584.
  •  
  • 8. B. Kim and S. Lee, J. Korean Ceram. Soc. 57 (2020) 368-377.
  •  
  • 9. J.B. Aguiar, A. Camões, and P.M. Moreira, J. Adv. Concr. Technol. 6[1] (2008) 243-250.
  •  
  • 10. W. Tahri, Z. Abdollahnejad, J. Mendes, F. Pacheco-Torgal, and J.B. Aguiar, Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 21[5] (2017) 555-571.
  •  
  • 11. J. Davidovits, Proc. First Int. Conf. Alkaline Cem. Concr. 1 (1994) 131-149.
  •  
  • 12. Z.M.K. Al-Mayali and M. Ziada, Res. Eng. Struct. Mater. 11[4] (2025) 1749-1765.
  •  
  • 13. M. Ziada and Z.M.K. Al-Mayali, J. Sustain. Constr. Mater. Technol. 10[2] (2025) 248-262.
  •  
  • 14. X.Y. Zhuang, L. Chen, S. Komarneni, C.H. Zhou, D.S. Tong, H.M. Yang, W.H. Yu, and H. Wang, J. Clean. Prod. 125 (2016) 253-267.
  •  
  • 15. T.C. Powers and R.A. Helmuth, Highw. Res. Board Proc. (1953) 131-149.
  •  
  • 16. K. Ebrahimi, M.J. Daiezadeh, M. Zakertabrizi, F. Zahmatkesh, and A.H. Korayem, Constr. Build. Mater. 186 (2018) 1105-1113.
  •  
  • 17. Y. Fu, L. Cai, and W. Yonggen, Constr. Build. Mater. 25[7] (2011) 3144-3148.
  •  
  • 18. P. Sun and H.-C. Wu, Fuel 111 (2013) 740-745.
  •  
  • 19. R. Brooks, M. Bahadory, F. Tovia, and H. Rostami, Int. J. Sustain. Eng. 3[3] (2010) 211-218.
  •  
  • 20. Y. Yuan, R. Zhao, R. Li, Y. Wang, Z. Cheng, F. Li, and Z.J. Ma, Constr. Build. Mater. 250 (2020) 118831.
  •  
  • 21. Y. Aygörmez, O. Canpolat, M.M. Al-Mashhadani, and M. Uysal, Constr. Build. Mater. 235 (2020) 117502.
  •  
  • 22. M. Ahmed, Q.Q. Liang, M.N. Sheikh, and M.N.S. Hadi, Eng. Struct. 283 (2023) 115882.
  •  
  • 23. Y. Yang, Q. Zhou, Y. Deng, and J. Lin, Cem. Concr. Compos. 128 (2022) 104422.
  •  
  • 24. M. Ziada, H. Tanyildizi, A. Coskun, and M. Seloglu, Struct. Concr. 26[3] (2025) 3096-3107.
  •  
  • 25. F.U.A. Shaikh, Constr. Build. Mater. 43 (2013) 37-49.
  •  
  • 26. M. Ziada, S. Erdem, R. Alonso González-Lezcano, Y. Tammam, and İ. Unkar, Eng. Sci. Technol. Int. J. 46 (2023) 101501.
  •  
  • 27. A.R.G. de Azevedo, A.S.A. Cruz, M.T. Marvila, L.B. de Oliveira, S.N. Monteiro, C.M.F. Vieira, R. Fediuk, R. Timokhin, N. Vatin, and M. Daironas, Polymers (Basel) 13[15] (2021) 2493.
  •  
  • 28. W. Li and J. Xu, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 505 (2009) 178-186.
  •  
  • 29. D.P. Dias and C. Thaumaturgo, Cem. Concr. Compos. 27[1] (2005) 49-54.
  •  
  • 30. N. Ranjbar, S. Talebian, M. Mehrali, C. Kuenzel, H.S.C. Metselaar, and M.Z. Jumaat, Compos. Sci. Technol. 122 (2016) 73-81.
  •  
  • 31. P. Duxson, S.W. Mallicoat, G.C. Lukey, W.M. Kriven, and J.S.J. van Deventer, Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 292[1] (2007) 8-20.
  •  
  • 32. K. Zhang, H. Xu, X. Kong, C. Zhang, H. Lu, and D. He, J. Build. Eng. 76 (2023) 107164.
  •  
  • 33. ASTM C109/C109M-02 ASTM Int. (2020).
  •  
  • 34. ASTM C 348 – 21, Norma ASTM Int. (2021).
  •  
  • 35. ASTM C1585, ASTM Int. (2020).
  •  
  • 36. ASTM C597-09, ASTM Int. (2016).
  •  
  • 37. B. Nematollahi, J. Sanjayan, and F.U.A. Shaikh, J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 27[10] (2015) 04015001.
  •  
  • 38. N.S. Deepa Raj, R. Abraham, N. Ganesan, and D. Sasi, Proc. Int. Conf. Innov. Civ. Eng. (2013) 75-80.
  •  
  • 39. V.S. Sujitha, S. Raja, M.A. Rusho, and S. Yishak, Case Stud. Constr. Mater. 22 (2025) e04669.
  •  
  • 40. B.B. Jindal, T. Alomayri, A. Hasan, and C.R. Kaze, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 30 (2023) 25299-25324.
  •  
  • 41. M. Ohno and V.C. Li, Indian Concr. J. 93[12] (2019) 47-53.
  •  
  • 42. M. Vafaei, A. Allahverdi, P. Dong, N. Bassim, and M. Mahinroosta, J. Build. Eng. 34 (2021) 102066.
  •  
  • 43. J. Kwasny, T.A. Aiken, M.N. Soutsos, J.A. McIntosh, and D.J. Cleland, Constr. Build. Mater. 166 (2018) 537-553.
  •  
  • 44. R. Çetintaş and S. Soyer-Uzun, J. Build. Eng. 20 (2018) 130-136.
  •  
  • 45. T. Jiang, Z. Liu, X. Tian, J. Wu, and L. Wang, Constr. Build. Mater. 412 (2024) 134760.
  •  
  • 46. M. Ziada, H. Tanyildizi, and M. Uysal, Constr. Build. Mater. 414 (2024) 135047.
  •  
  • 47. M. Jin, Z. Wang, F. Lian, and P. Zhao, Constr. Build. Mater. 265 (2020) 120730.
  •  
  • 48. D. Niu, L. Su, Y. Luo, D. Huang, and D. Luo, Constr. Build. Mater. 237 (2020) 117628.
  •  
  • 49. S. Pang, X. Zhang, B. Lei, H. Fan, J. Liu, P. Ju, and Y. Gao, Constr. Build. Mater. 452 (2024) 138943.
  •  
  • 50. H.G. Alcan, B. Bayrak, A. Öz, O. Çelebi, G. Kaplan, and A.C. Aydın, Constr. Build. Mater. 414 (2024) 135059.
  •  
  • 51. H.J. Zhuang, H.Y. Zhang, and H. Xu, Procedia Eng. 210 (2017) 126-131.
  •  
  • 52. J. Cao, H. Peng, B. Zhang, Z. Yang, H. Pan, J. Chen, and X. Zhao, Constr. Build. Mater. 493 (2025) 143129.
  •  
  • 53. A. Rajaee, N. Talebi, and S. Abrishami, Case Stud. Constr. Mater. 22 (2025) e04439.
  •  
  • 54. B.T. Gebretsadik, M.S. Thesis, University of Nevada (2013).
  •  
  • 55. S. Hedjazi and D. Castillo, Heliyon 6[3] (2020) e03646.
  •  
  • 56. N. Ali, O. Canpolat, Y. Aygörmez, and M.M. Al-Mashhadani, Constr. Build. Mater. 251 (2020) 118976.
  •  
  • 57. M.G. Sá Ribeiro, P.F. Keane, M.R. Sardela, W.M. Kriven, and R.A. Sá Ribeiro, Constr. Build. Mater. 302 (2021) 124194.
  •  
  • 58. M.A.M. Ariffin, M.A.R. Bhutta, M.W. Hussin, M. Mohd Tahir, and N. Aziah, Constr. Build. Mater. 43 (2013) 80-86.
  •  
  • 59. M.H.H. Rahat and A.S. Brand, Constr. Build. Mater. 489 (2025) 142363.
  •  
  • 60. S. Pilehvar, A.M. Szczotok, J.F. Rodríguez, L. Valentini, M. Lanzón, R. Pamies, and A.-L. Kjøniksen, Constr. Build. Mater. 200 (2019) 94-103.
  •  
  • 61. J. Yang, D. Li, and Y. Fang, Constr. Build. Mater. 167 (2018) 65-72.
  •  
  • 62. S.M.S. Kazmi, M.J. Munir, Y.-F. Wu, I. Patnaikuni, Y. Zhou, and F. Xing, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 178 (2020) 103126.
  •  
  • 63. Y. Aygörmez and O. Canpolat, Rev. Construcción 20[2] (2021) 291-307.
  •  
  • 64. I. Garcia-Lodeiro, A. Palomo, A. Fernández-Jiménez, and D.E. Macphee, Cem. Concr. Res. 41[9] (2011) 923-931.
  •  
  • 65. M. Kobayashi, K. Takahashi, and Y. Kawabata, Materials 16[15] (2023) 5278.
  •  

This Article

  • 2026; 27(1): 150-162

    Published on Feb 28, 2026

  • 10.36410/jcpr.2026.27.1.150
  • Received on Dec 25, 2025
  • Revised on Jan 5, 2026
  • Accepted on Jan 9, 2026

Correspondence to

  • Mahmoud Ziada
  • Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye
    Tel : +90 444 14 28 / 23101 Fax: +90 212 425 57 59

  • E-mail: mahmoudm.s.ziada@aydin.edu.tr