In this work, the wear resistance, durability, and aesthetic impact of ceramic surface patterns were investigated by graphic design elements. Various ceramic samples were subjected to abrasion, friction, fading, chipping, and scratching tests to assess the performance of different surface patterns, including horizontal lines, geometric shapes, floral motifs, abstract patterns, and texture-based designs. The experimental results demonstrate that intricate floral motifs exhibit the highest resistance to UV fading (450 hours), while geometric shapes provide superior scratch resistance (Mohs scale 8.0). In contrast, mixed texture designs (matte and gloss) show enhanced durability under scratching but are more prone to chipping. Horizontal lines exhibit excellent overall wear resistance, withstanding 3000 abrasion cycles and maintaining moderate scratch resistance. These findings highlight the critical interplay between pattern design and material performance, revealing that graphic design elements not only enhance the aesthetic appeal of ceramic surfaces but also significantly influence their functional durability. The research underscores the potential of leveraging design principles to create ceramic products that are both visually compelling and durable, with broad applications in tableware, tiles, and decorative objects.

Keywords: Graphic design elements, UV fading, Texture designs.