This study investigates the mechanical properties of Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr), Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia Polycrystals (3Y-TZP), and Zirconium Silicate (ZS) for dental crown applications. Characteristic strength, fracture toughness, and crack growth parameters were evaluated to assess the suitability of these materials for clinical use. Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) exhibited moderate strength and toughness, making it a viable option for dental crowns, albeit with slightly lower fracture toughness compared to zirconia-based materials. Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia Polycrystals (3Y-TZP) demonstrated robust mechanical properties with high strength and toughness, particularly suitable for posterior crowns. Conversely, Zirconium Silicate (ZS) showcased exceptional mechanical properties, offering both strength and natural-looking aesthetics, making it an excellent choice for anterior crowns. Clinical observations suggest that material selection should consider mechanical properties alongside patient-specific factors and clinical requirements to achieve optimal treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction in dental restorations. This comparative analysis provides valuable insights for clinicians in selecting appropriate materials for dental crown applications, ultimately enhancing the quality and longevity of dental treatments.

Keywords: 3Y-TZP, Zirconium Silicate, Nickel-Chromium, Dental zirconia all ceramic, Crown and bridge restoration.