The present study aims to investigate the behaviour of mild steel beams subjected to multi-phase magnetoelectroelastic, piezoelectric, or magnetostrictive patches, taking into account the effects of temperature. A finite element method was employed to analyze the electric and magnetic potential of the structure while considering the coupling effects. The findings of this study could provide valuable insights into the behaviour of such structures under varying temperature conditions and contribute to the development of advanced technologies in the field of material science and engineering. Under homogeneous temperature load, the current formulation shows the ability to anticipate the thermal deformation and sensor behaviour of the piezoelectric/ piezo magnetic, magnetostrictive patches. A distinct variation characterizes the positioning of the sensor layer in the beam, and the upper surface of the layer is plotted with transverse displacement, electric potential, and magnetic potential along its length. A comparative numerical analysis was conducted to assess the behaviour of multiphase magneto-electro-elastic, magnetostrictive, and piezoelectric sensor materials concerning magnetic and electric potential. The investigation has been conducted under various boundary conditions.

Keywords: Magneto-electro-elastic ceramic material, Sensors, Electric potential, Magnetic potential.