Resin modified calcium silicate cements or hybrid cements refer to the fourth generation of materials. These materials are a combination of calcium silicates and resin. The available information on novel formulation introduced hybrid cements in clinical practice is presented. The directions of the interactionsof biomaterials with the dentin are discussed. The available information is critically reviewed and discussed concern basic physicochemical properties of Resin modified calcium silicate cements such as Compressive strength, solubility, dimensional changes and others. Conclusion: The data on the physicochemical properties of the presented novel formulations of resin modified calcium silicate cements in this article are limited and it are data from the manufacturers. Independent in-depth studies are needed for them in order for the dentist to select the most suitable, tailored to the individual clinical case. The examined and critically analyzed data refer mainly to the most studied representative of the 4th generation- Theracal LC.

Keywords: Pulp-capping materials, Resin modified calcium silicate cement, Physicochemical properties.