Articles
  • Irradiation time-dependent study of eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite powder synthesized by microwave-assisted wet chemical precipitation method

  • K.W. Goha, Y.H. Wonga, R.S.K. Singha,b, Hari Chandranc, S.K. Wongd and K.Y. Sara Leee,*

  • aFaculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    bFaculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Tungku Highway, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
    cDivision of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    dDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    eTunku Abdul Rahman University College, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

  • This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The extraction of calcium from natural biowaste material such as chicken eggshells have been shown to be viable to synthesis calcium phosphate bioceramic. In this work, eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite powder was synthesised by using the wet chemical precipitation technique coupled with microwave irradiation at low power (700 W) at varying exposure time from 5 to 30 min. The derived nano-powders were examined to determine the phases present, chemical bonding and microstructural evolution. It was revealed that the irradiation time has an effect on the degree of crystallinity and both the crystallite and particle size of the derived powders although the hydroxyapatite phase stability was not disrupted. An exposure time of 15 min. was determined to be sufficient when subjected to low power microwave irradiation to formed a well-defined needle-like hydroxyapatite particles having an average crystallite size of about 22 nm. On the contrary to many literatures, this study has demonstrated the viability of synthesizing a useful bioceramic from using biowaste eggshells coupled with microwave irradiation at low power of 700 W for very short period of time to produce nano-range needle-like hydroxyapatite particles suitable for biomedical application


Keywords: Eggshells, Calcium phosphate, Bioceramic, Microwave-assisted synthesis, Hydroxyapatite

This Article

  • 2022; 23(2): 158-164

    Published on Apr 30, 2022

  • 10.36410/jcpr.2022.23.2.158
  • Received on Aug 28, 2021
  • Revised on Nov 25, 2021
  • Accepted on Nov 27, 2021

Correspondence to

  • K.Y. Sara Lee

  • Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Tel : +(6)03-41450123 Fax: +(6)03-41423166

  • E-mail: leeky@tarc.edu.my