Recent efforts towards the treatment of bone defects and diseases focus on the development of bone scaffolds. Bioceramics provide strength, osteoconductivity and also imparts flexibility and resorbability. In this study, the biodegradable composites were fabricated using bioactive nano Hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) and bioresorbable nano β-Tricalcium phosphate (n-β-TCP) taken in 1:1 proportion. The nano composite scaffolds were synthesized using PEG (Poly Ethylene Glycol) by wet precipitation method. XRD (X-ray diffraction) confirms the presence of crystalline structure of n-HAP and n-β-TCP within the lattice. FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy) confirms the micro porous nature and the phase purity of the composite. Further, biochemical studies were carried out using MG-63 Osteoblast cell line to evaluate their sustainability after implantation. The viability of the cells and proliferation rate is evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) with different concentration and different incubation period. The ALP (Alkaline Phosphotase) test reveals that the composite favours bone regeneration through apatite layer formation. Further studies were carried out to explore the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) activity on the composites and results reveals that the composite have an ability to trap the free radicals in the biological surroundings. The antimicrobial studies indicate that the composites shows no major inhibitory effects towards the most common bone affecting bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The studies indicate that the concentration range of the composite is ideal for bone growth and can be used as substituents in the scaffold synthesis for normal and cancerous patients.

Keywords: n-HAP, n-β-TCP, Poly ethylene glycol, composite, MTT assay, DPPH assay, ALP activity