Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone grafts were successfully synthesized using the 45 ppi polyurethane sponge coating method. XRD results revealed that the BCP scaffolds were mainly composed of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). As the number of BCP coatings increased from 1 to 5, the pore size and the wall size decreased from 480 ± 93 μm to 306 ± 120 μm and increased from 104 ± 25 μm to 186 ± 40 μm, respectively. The BCP scaffolds coated once, twice, three times, four times and five times, exhibited average cell viability of 106%, 109%, 114%, 107%, and 93%. The BCP scaffolds showed no evidence of causing cell lysis or toxicity. In addition, the cell proliferation results suggested that L-929 cells adhered well to the BCP scaffolds and proliferated continuously with increasing time, indicating that the BCP powders are highly applicable to the synthetic bone grafts.

Keywords: Hydroxyapatite (HP), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), Scaffold, Cytotoxicity.